Новости науки и практики // Февраль 2019

Dual control: Plant peptide hormone generates distinct cell structures for water flow

Researchers discover how a single plant peptide hormone controls the development of two different cell types that are central to the flow of water through the plant.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/ou-dcp012319.php

Plants can smell, now researchers know how

First steps to understanding biochemistry of how plants detect odors.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/uot-pcs012219.php

Leaf age determines the division of labor in plant stress responses

The authors found that pre-exposure of plants to ABA (abscisic acid) blocked activity of the SA (salicylic acid)-dependent response arm only in older leaves, which rendered these more sensitive to bacterial infection, while younger leaves were protected from this block of the SA response.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/mpif-lad011719.php

New insight into unique sugar transport in plants

As the first in the world, a small group of researchers from the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics at Aarhus University in Denmark has solved a structure of a Sugar Transport Protein (STP). With this, the researchers have been able to provide explanations for the particular transport characteristics of STPs.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/au-nii012519.php

Cytokinin – A Developing Story

In this review we aim to give a comprehensive overview of recent findings on how cytokinin influences growth and development in plants, and highlight areas for future research.

https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S1360138518302450?token=B3D5269FD6E2F50CFC997723BFFDE59B882B84F02048DC249ECE477B06E846557DBD68FFC505821957599B799AA2F584

Balancing trade-offs between biotic and abiotic stress responses through leaf age-dependent variation in stress hormone cross-talk

We identify a genetic mechanism by which leaves of distinct ages differentially control stress-response cross-talk.

https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2019/01/22/1817233116

Should researchers engineer a spicy tomato?

This approach could provide not only new basic knowledge to help to elucidate the capsaicinoid biosynthetic pathway but also to understand its evolution and divergence in different Solanaceae species.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/cp-sre010419.php

New technologies enable better-than-ever details on genetically modified plants

Salk researchers used the latest DNA sequencing technologies to study exactly what happens at a molecular level when they insert new genes into plants.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/si-nte011519.php

Genome doubling, cell size and novelty

Investigating the mechanisms of polyploidy in plants.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/uocp-gdc011519.php

Scientists identify how plants sense temperature

With a temperature sensor in hand, researchers can engineer crops that produce yields in warmer climates.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/uoc--sih011119.php

The algae's third eye

Researchers discovered a new light sensor with unexpected properties in algae.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/uow-tat011119.php

How trees and turnips grow fatter

Researchers unlock the secrets of radial growth.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/uoc-hta010919.php

Случайная изменчивость генной экспрессии у Arabidopsis thaliana подчиняется строгим закономерностям

Главное, что показало исследование — неожиданно большой масштаб случайной изменчивости генной экспрессии у Arabidopsis.

http://elementy.ru/novosti_nauki/433419/Sluchaynaya_izmenchivost_gennoy_ekspressii_u_Arabidopsis_thaliana_podchinyaetsya_strogim_zakonomernostyam

Plants blink: Proceeding with caution in sunlight

Like eye's adjustment to sudden changes in light, plants have sensitive mechanisms to protect their leaves from rapid changes in radiation.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/01/190122114923.htm

New complex carbohydrate discovered in barley

Researchers have discovered a new complex carbohydrate in barley. The first of its kind to be discovered in over 30 years, the cereal polysaccharide has potential applications in food, medicine and cosmetics.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/01/190108095125.htm

Dissecting metabolic flux in C4 plants: experimental and theoretical approaches

This article reviews the studies to dissect the operation of C4 photosynthesis and adjacent pathways, from the pioneer studies using radioisotope-based MFA (metabolic flux analysis) to the recent stable isotope-based MFA and the model-based approaches.

https://www.botany.one/2019/01/dissecting-metabolic-flux-in-c4-plants-experimental-and-theoretical-approaches/

Small is big in Arabidopsis mitochondrial ribosome

Here present the biochemical characterization of Arabidopsis mitochondrial ribosomes and identify their protein subunit composition.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-018-0339-y

Dissecting metabolic flux in C4 plants: experimental and theoretical approaches

The paper concludes that collaborative studies are essential, and researchers should identify and share the specific questions to address.

https://www.botany.one/2019/01/dissecting-metabolic-flux-in-c4-plants-experimental-and-theoretical-approaches/

Plant peptide helps roots to branch out in the right places

A research team has identified a peptide and its receptor that help lateral roots to grow with the right spacing.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/ku-pph011819.php

A new mechanism helps explain differences between eukaryotic and bacterial proteomes

What makes distinct species have different proteins? Is there a key that allows eukaryotic cells to produce proteins involved in multicellularity that are mostly absent in prokaryotes?

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/01/190111112901.htm