Новости науки и практики // Сентябрь 2017

An Overview of Nickel (Ni²⁺) Essentiality, Toxicity and Tolerance Strategies in Plants
This review focuses on researches done on the morpho-biochemical alterations induced by elevated Ni2+ concentration in plants and as well as the strategies adapted by plants to survive and neutralize the effects of these alterations.
http://www.sciencedomain.org/abstract/19343

Rhapsody in red violet
Pigments made by beets may help boost resistance to disease the and nutrition value of crops
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-08/wios-rir081517.php

Allopolyploidy origins and genome structure of barley relatives
Mapping phylogenetic relationships, Cuadrado et al. investigate origins and interspecific affinities of the allotetraploids Hordeum secalinum and H. capense using molecular karyotyping.
https://academic.oup.com/aob/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/aob/mcw270

Brassinosteroid signaling-dependent root responses to prolonged elevated ambient temperature
It is shown that an elevated temperature leads to an increase in root lengthening irrespective of auxin or factors that are known to lead to an increase in growth caused by temperature. We will also demonstrate that the signaling of brassinosteroids regulates the reaction of the roots to a high ambient temperature. The increased growth temperature specifically affects the level of the brassinosteroid BRI1 receptor to suppress the signaling of brassinosteroids and to mediate lengthening of the root.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-00355-4

Colchicine application and reproductive fitness in Fabaceae
Unravelling the direct consequences of polyploidization to reveal its evolutionary significance and effects on reproductive fitness, Münzbergová studies diploid offspring of synthetic tetraploid mothers in Vicia cracca (Fabaceae) to assess the effects of colchicine application in the maternal generation.
https://aobblog.com/2017/08/colchicine-application-reproductive-fitness-fabaceae/

Biologists discover new mechanisms of protein transport in plant cells
Biologists have discovered a previously unknown function of the SH3P2 protein, which plays an important role in the protein transport process of plants.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/08/170810104838.htm

Drought response in global crops may be as complex as day and night
Pioneering study makes important advances in understanding how plants respond to water stress
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-08/dc-dri082817.php

Tracking down the jumping genes of maize
New map will aid research, breeding efforts
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-08/uoc--tdt082417.php

Researchers describe gene that makes large, plump tomatoes
A variation in the Cell Size Regulator gene bulked up early tomatoes, facilitating domestication
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-08/p-rdg081017.php

Plants under heat stress must act surprisingly quickly to survive
UMass Amherst, Indian and Chinese biochemists find minutes matter to stressed plants
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-08/uoma-puh082117.php

How cytoplasm 'feels' to a cell's components
In study that may guide drug design, researchers find organelles encounter varying levels of resistance
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/08/170822130746.htm

Mitochondria: A map of the cell's powerhouse
Researchers are mapping the distribution of all proteins in mitochondria for the first time
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/08/170818102302.htm

Super-photostable fluorescent labeling agent for super-resolution microscopy
Chemists have developed a super-photostable fluorescent dye, PhoxBright 430 (PB430), to visualize cellular ultrastructure by super resolution microscopy. The exceptional photostability of this new dye enables continuous STED imaging and together with its ability to fluorescently label proteins, PB430 demonstrates its use in the 3D construction and multicolor imaging of biological structures.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/08/170817141711.htm

Turning pollen into a low-cost fertilizer
Scientists have developed a method to make a low-cost, biocompatible fertilizer with carbon dots derived from rapeseed pollen. The study found that applying the carbon dots to hydroponically cultivated lettuce promoted its growth by 50 percent.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/08/170816100213.htm

Proteomic analysis of phytase transgenic and non-transgenic maize seeds
Results indicated that many DEPs could be detected in the proteome of PT maize seeds and the corresponding wild type after overexpression of the target gene, but the changes in these proteins were not substantial. Functional classification revealed many DEPs involved in posttranscriptional modifications and some ribosomal proteins and heat-shock proteins that may generate adaptive effects in response to the insertion of exogenous genes.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-09557-8

Hormonal tug-of-war helps plant roots navigate their journey through the soil
International research uncovers root growth secret
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-08/jic-hth082217.php


Penn biologists show how plants turn off genes they don't need
New research led by University of Pennsylvania biologists and published this week in the journal Nature Genetics has identified small sequences in plant DNA that act as signposts for shutting off gene activity, directing the placement of proteins that silence gene expression.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-08/uop-pbs082117.php